Television actress Hina Khan, known for her stellar work in the hit series Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai, is facing a challenging chapter in her life. Amid her ongoing battle with stage three breast cancer, the actress recently revealed that she has been diagnosed with mucositis as a side effect of her chemotherapy. She has emerged as an inspiration for millions with her strength, courage and positivity during her health journey.

In this article, let’s dive into what mucositis is, its symptoms, and the treatment of this side effect.

What is mucositis?

Mucositis is an inflammatory condition of the mucosa, the mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, stretching from the mouth to the anus. This lining plays an important role in immune defence, and its inflammation compromises its protective function. While Hina Khan’s case was undergoing cancer treatments, mucositis can occur due to various causes such as infections, smoking, vitamin deficiency and systemic diseases.

According to a Cleveland Clinic report, mucositis is a common side effect to deal with for those undergoing chemotherapy, affecting almost 50 per cent of the demographic. It also impacts 80 per cent to 100 per cent of individuals receiving radiation therapy or stem cell transplants, reported the Hindustan Times.

Additionally, the report asserts mucositis as ‘temporary’ and ‘self-healing’ but the symptoms spell out pain and discomfort for a significant period for those afflicted.

Symptoms of Mucositis

Patients suffering from mucositis may experience a range of symptoms that can make it extremely challenging for patients to eat, drink, or even speak. The symptoms include:

• Pain and discomfort in throat and mouth
• Swollen mouth and gums
• Mouth ulcers
• Extra-thick saliva
• Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
• Dry mouth and taste changes
• Soft white patches of pus
• Bleeding and white mucous coating
• Fever in severe cases

Treatment of Mucositis

Mucositis treatment focuses on pain relief and preventing secondary infections. Local anaesthetics, painkillers, and antimotility medicines are used to relieve discomfort and treat diarrhoea-related symptoms. Antibiotics may be required for individuals with immune suppression to prevent or control secondary infections, which can worsen the condition.

Other than this, Chief Clinical Nutrition Neelima Bisht at Paras Health said that individuals with mucositis must focus on soft, bland and non-irritating foods that won’t trouble the sensitive mucosal tissues and are also easier to swallow, reported the Hindustan Times.

She added that people can consume pureed vegetables, mashed potatoes, applesauce and avocado, which are gentle and nutritious. Smoothies made with yoghurt, milk and soft fruits like bananas or berries are also a great option for both nourishment and comfort. Additionally, soft tofu, custards, scrambled eggs and puddings can ensure adequate calorie intake while minimising discomfort.

Furthermore, reworking oral health is important when it comes to contending with mucositis. Individuals must include regular, gentle brushing and the use of non-alcoholic mouthwashes to prevent infection and promote healing. Sucking on ice chips or consuming cold foods will be helpful to reduce swelling and pain. Lastly, saline or baking soda rinses can soothe the mouth and promote healing.