Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal condition affecting women of reproductive age. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated to impact 8–13 per cent of women in this demographic, with up to 70 per cent of cases going undiagnosed. Symptoms include irregular periods, acne, excessive facial or body hair, weight gain, and more.

Here are the signs of hormonal imbalances a woman may encounter during their weight loss journey with PCOS.

1. Belly FatWomen with PCOS often experience what’s commonly known as PCOS belly where fat tends to accumulate around the waist and internal organs. This pattern is influenced by hormonal imbalances which contrasts with how fat is distributed in healthy women. The fat is often stored in areas like hips, thighs or breasts in healthy women. In women with PCOS, this type of fat buildup worsened by inflammation and insulin resistance (also symptoms of PCOS) raises the chances of heart disease and diabetes.
2. Sugar CravingsWomen with PCOS often struggle with intense carbohydrate cravings due to insulin resistance which results in overeating. This challenge is particularly more prevalent among those who are obese compared to lean and underweight women with PCOS. Opting for whole grains and ensuring adequate protein intake can help stabilise blood sugar levels. In addition to this, processed or sugary foods like should be avoided to reduce cravings.
3. Hair LossHair loss is a common symptom of PCOS which is caused by elevated androgenic hormones. This hormonal imbalance leads to thinning, brittle hair that breaks easily. Women with PCOS often experience excess testosterone which can worsen hair loss. It is important to consult healthcare experts to manage hair-related concerns.
4. Irregular PeriodsIrregular or missed periods are a key indicator of PCOS where disruptions in ovarian function prevent ovulation. Diagnosis often occurs 2–3 years after a girl’s first period as it takes time for menstrual cycles to stabilise. Insulin resistance contributes to increased testosterone production in the ovaries affecting both ovulation and the regularity of periods.
5. FatigueWhile PCOS itself doesn’t directly cause fatigue, it’s often linked to several symptoms and conditions that can contribute to feeling tired. Factors such as obesity, hormonal imbalances and heavy periods associated with PCOS can all play a role in causing fatigue. Changes in hormones like cortisol and thyroid hormones which control energy levels significantly impact fatigue levels.